Chiral oxygen ligands

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Modulation of coffee aroma via the fermentation of green coffee beans with Rhizopus oligosporus: II. Effects of different roast levels, published in 2016-11-15, which mentions a compound: 616-43-3, Name is 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole, Molecular C5H7N, Name: 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole.

This study aims to evaluate how changes of the volatile and non-volatile profiles of green coffees induced by Rhizopus oligosporus fermentation of green coffee beans (Part I) translated to changes in the volatile and aroma profiles of light, medium and dark roasted coffees and non-volatile profile of roasted coffee where fermentation effects were most distinctive (light roast). R. oligosporus fermentation resulted in 1.7-, 1.5- and 1.3-fold increases in pyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine and 2-ethylpyrazine levels in coffees of all roast degrees, resp. This corresponded with the greater extent of amino acids degradation in light roasted fermented coffee. Et palmitate was detected exclusively in medium and dark roasted fermented coffees. The sweet attribute of light and dark roasted coffees were increased following fermentation along with other aroma profile changes that were roast degree specific. This work aims to develop a direct but novel methodol. for coffee aroma modulation through green coffee beans fermentation

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

Quality Control of cis-4-Aminocyclohexane carboxylic acid. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: cis-4-Aminocyclohexane carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C7H13NO2, CAS is 3685-23-2, about The uptake and radioautographical localization of (±)-[3H]cis-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid by the isolated frog retina. Author is Cunningham, Jo; Marshall, J.; Neal, M. J..

Uptake of aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (I) [39275-59-7] by frog retinas was temperature-sensitive and highly Na-dependent, and was inhibited by GABA [56-12-2], L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (II) [1758-80-1], and β-alanine [107-95-9] with IC50 values of 0.32, 0.23, and 9.0 mM, resp. Radioautog. studies indicated that the sites of I-3H and GABA-3H uptake were identical, the compounds being accumulated almost exclusively in the horizontal cells. II-3H and β-alanine-3H were accumulated predominantly in the Mueller cells and photoreceptors, resp. Although II possesses affinity for the I (GABA) transport system in the horizontal cells, I and GABA apparently have no affinity for the (high affinity) II transport system in the Mueller cells.

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole, is researched, Molecular C5H7N, CAS is 616-43-3, about Delayed exchange of hydrogen in imine groups of pyrrole and indole.Name: 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole.

The rate of H-D exchange between EtOD and pyrrole (I) or indole (II) in CCl4 was measured by NMR, and the rate constants were calculated from the 1st-order rate equation. The H exchange in NH groups of unsubstituted 5 membered heterocycles in the absence of an electron-donating solvent was slow. The photoionization potentials, Ip, of I, N-methylpyrrole (III), α-methylpyrrole (IV), and β-methylpyrrole were measured. The highest and the smallest Ip change was observed on passing from I to IV, and from I to III, resp. The probable structures of I complexes and I complexes with the alc. were suggested together with the causes of slow H exchange.

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

Application In Synthesis of 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole, is researched, Molecular C5H7N, CAS is 616-43-3, about Electrochemical properties and conductivity of poly(3-methylpyrrole/ClO4). Author is Gonzalez-Tejera, M. J.; Sanchez de la Blanca, E.; Carrillo, I.; Redondo, M. I.; Raso, M. A.; Tortajada, J.; Garcia, M. V..

Electrosynthesis of conducting poly(3-methylpyrrole) was carried out at fixed potentials of 0.5 and 0.6 V in a NaClO4 MeCN solution The electrochem. behavior of doped-polymer films was analyzed considering the influence of the neg. and pos. potential limits as well as the scan rate on the voltammograms recorded in MeCN. A mechanism for the redox processes is proposed. Polymer morphol. was examined by SEM, which reveals a cauliflower and compact texture depending on the potential of synthesis and deposition time. Kinetic of conductivity decay with aging time is dependent of exp(-t1/2) with a characteristic time of the degradation process around 20 days.

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 5,6-Dichloropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile( cas:56413-95-7 ) is researched.Name: 5,6-Dichloropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile.Belo, D.; Santos, I. C.; Almeida, M. published the article 《5,6-Dicyano-2,3-dithiopyrazine (dcdmp) chemistry: synthesis and crystal structure of Au(III)(dcdmp)2 complexes and 2,3,7,8-tetracyano-1,4,6,9-tetraazathianthrene》 about this compound( cas:56413-95-7 ) in Polyhedron. Keywords: gold cyanodithiopyrazine cyanotetraazathianthrene complex preparation structure; crystal structure aurate cyanodithiopyrazine cyanotetraazathianthrene complex; electrochem redox aurate cyanodithiopyrazine cyanotetraazathianthrene complex. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:56413-95-7).

As an effort to explore new complexes of the 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dimercaptopyrazine (dcdmp) ligand with different transition metals, different salts containing both the Au(dcdmp)2 – complex and the new species 2,3,7,8-tetracyano-1,4,6,9-tetraazathianthrene (tctata), were obtained and characterized. Bu4N[Au(dcdmp)2] crystallizes in monoclinic space group C2/c, Z = 8 with a 35.147(4), b 9.527(1), c 21.792(2) Å and β 109.626(8)°. Its crystal structure consist of almost regular columns of [Au(dcdmp)2]-, stacked along b, surrounded by Bu4N+ cations. Bu4N[AuBr2(tctata)] crystallizes in triclinic space group P1̅, Z = 2, with a 10.986(1), b 13.230(2), c 13.791(1) Å, α 79.150(9), β 69.663(6), γ 70.254(9)°. The crystal packing is made by zigzag chains of tctata separated by layers of cations, with AuBr2 anions located in alternated cavities between the tctata chains and the cation layers. At last, Bu4N[Au(dcdmp)2].(tctata) crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/n, Z = 4, with a 10.693(2), b 40.308(7), c 10.870(1) Å, β 92.16(1)°. Its crystal structure can be seen has a mix of those of the two preceding compounds It consists of bidimensional layers composed of out of registry parallel zigzag chains of alternating tctata and [Au(dcdmp)2]- units. The adjacent layers are separated by layers of [Bu4N]+. In the last two compounds the tctata appears as a planar mol.

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Conjugation phenomena in α- and β-substituted pyrroles studied by infrared and ultraviolet spectrophotometry》. Authors are Scrocco, Marisa; Caglioti, Luciano; Caglioti, V..The article about the compound:3-Methyl-1H-pyrrolecas:616-43-3,SMILESS:CC1=CNC=C1).Application In Synthesis of 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:616-43-3) is conveyed.

cf. C.A. 51, 17455e. Effects of ring substituents on the NH stretching frequency v(NH) of pyrroles (I) are further investigated. 2-Me, 3-Me, 2,4-Me2, and 2,5-Me2 substitutions cause only a very slight increase in v(NH) of I, an effect opposite to hyperconjugation. The v(CO) of the 3-CO2Me compound previously given as 1700 cm.-1 was resolved into 2 peaks, 1712 (strong) and 1698; similarly the 2-CO2Me compound had maximum at 1715 and 1697 (strong), the lower ν presumably vibrations of internal chelates. The following data were similarly interpreted: (I substituents, strong v(NH), weak v(NH), strong v(CO), weak v(CO), ultraviolet maximum (log ε) and ultraviolet maximum (log ε) given): 3-CO2Me, 3490, 3320, 1712, 1698 cm.-1, 240 mμ (3.82), and – (-); 2-CO2Me, 3326, 3472, 1697, 1715 cm.-1, 261 (4.22) and 234.5 mμ (3.82); 2-CHO, 3284, 3468, 1650, 1666 cm.-1, 279 (4.27), and 246 mμ (3.73); 2-Ac, 3294, 3466, 1640, 1662 cm.-1, 276.5 (4.21) and 247 mμ (3.61); 2-COCH2Cl, -, -, 1639, 1663 cm.-1, 288.5 (4.3) and 246 mμ (3.6); 2-CO2Me, 4-NO2, -, -, -, -, 229 (4.26) and 285 mμ (3.75); 2-Ac, 5-CN, -, -, -, -, 248 (3.85) and 265 mμ (3.80).

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

Quality Control of 5,6-Dichloropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: 5,6-Dichloropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile, is researched, Molecular C6Cl2N4, CAS is 56413-95-7, about Metal-Cation Recognition in Water by a Tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine-Based Tweezer Receptor.

A series of zinc azaphthalocyanines with two azacrowns in a rigid tweezer arrangement were prepared and the fluorescence sensing properties were studied. The size-driven recognition of alkali and alk. earth metal cations was significantly enhanced by the close cooperation of the two azacrown units, in which both donor nitrogen atoms need to be involved in analyte binding to switch the sensor on. The mono- or biphasic character of the binding isotherms, together with the binding stoichiometry and magnitude of association constants (KA), indicated specific complexation of particular analytes. Water solvation was shown to play an important role and resulted in a strong quenching of sensor fluorescence in the ON state. The lead compound was embedded into silica nanoparticles and advantageous sensing properties towards K+ were demonstrated in water (λF = 671 nm, apparent KA = 82 M-1, increase of 17×), even in the presence of (supra)physiol. concentrations of Na+ and Ca2+.

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

Reference of 5,6-Dichloropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 5,6-Dichloropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile, is researched, Molecular C6Cl2N4, CAS is 56413-95-7, about Electron-deficient acene-based liquid crystals: dialkoxydicyanopyrazinoquinoxalines. Author is Takeda, Takashi; Tsutsumi, Jun’ya; Hasegawa, Tatsuo; Noro, Shin-ichiro; Nakamura, Takayoshi; Akutagawa, Tomoyuki.

Three electron-accepting dialkoxydicyanopyrazinoquinoxaline derivatives showed properties of smectic (Sm) liquid crystals. Temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction studies were consistent with the formation of a bilayer structure through the π-overlap and interdigitation of alkoxy chains in the Sm liquid crystalline state. Intermol. dipole-dipole interactions between the cyano groups played an important role in stabilizing the bilayer structure and liquid crystalline properties. Elongation of the alkoxy chains from C6H13O- and/or C12H25O- to C18H37O- changed the mol. arrangement and the liquid crystal phase from SmA to SmC, suggesting the importance of the van-der-Waals interaction of CnH2n+1O- chains for stabilizing the liquid crystalline phase. A hole-mobility value of 5 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 was observed for the SmA phase of bis(dodecyloxy)pyrazino[2,3-b]quinoxaline-2,3-dicarbonitrile at 438 K based on transient photocurrent measurements. The synthesis of the target compounds was achieved by a reaction of 5,6-dichloro-2,3-pyrazinedicarbonitrile with 4,5-bis(hexyloxy)-1,2-benzenediamine, 4,5-bis(dodecyloxy)-1,2-benzenediamine, 4,5-bis(octadecyloxy)-1,2-benzenediamine. The title compounds thus formed included bis(alkoxy)pyrazino[2,3-b]quinoxaline-2,3-dicarbonitrile derivatives (electron-deficient acene derivatives, heterocyclic anthracene analogs).

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Microchemical Journal called Analysis of metabolites and metabolic mechanism in Bt transgenic and non-transgenic maize, Author is Zhang, Liyuan; Yu, Runzhong; Yu, Yingbo, which mentions a compound: 3685-23-2, SMILESS is N[C@H]1CC[C@H](CC1)C(O)=O, Molecular C7H13NO2, Safety of cis-4-Aminocyclohexane carboxylic acid.

The gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry was used to isolate and identify metabolites of non-transgenic and Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic maize. The non-targeted metabolomics technique was used to anal. the metabolic pathway and mechanism of two kinds of maize. The methanol was used as extractant and the N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide was used as derivatization reagent. 38 kinds of metabolites were isolated and identified from non-transgenic maize, and 61 kinds of metabolites were isolated and identified in Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic maize. The specific metabolites between non-transgenic and Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic maize were analyzed. The metabolic pathway of specific metabolites was analyzed by KEGG annotation. The metabolic mechanism of non-transgenic maize and Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic maize was explored. The result indicated there were more metabolites involved in metabolic pathways in Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic maize than in non-transgenic maize, and tricarboxylic acid cycle and energy metabolism pathways of Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic maize are found to be higher than that of non-transgenic maize. The metabolic pathway of Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic maize conforms to the biol. activity law.

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Sinninghe Damste, Jaap S.; Eglinton, Timothy I.; de Leeuw, Jan W. researched the compound: 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole( cas:616-43-3 ).Reference of 3-Methyl-1H-pyrrole.They published the article 《Alkylpyrroles in a kerogen pyrolysate: evidence for abundant tetrapyrrole pigments》 about this compound( cas:616-43-3 ) in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. Keywords: sedimentary rock kerogen alkylpyrrole tetrapyrrole California. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:616-43-3).

C1-C6 alkylated pyrroles were identified as major constituents of the flash pyrolyzate of a kerogen from the Miocene Monterey Formation (California, USA) using gas chromatog. with an N-selective detector and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. The major alkylpyrroles identified are 2,3,4-trimethylpyrrole, 3-ethyl-4-methylpyrrole, 2,3-dimethyl-4-ethylpyrrole, 2,4-dimethyl-3-ethylpyrrole, and 3-ethyl-2,4,5-trimethylpyrrole. The alkyl substitution patterns of the alkylpyrroles strongly suggest an origin from tetrapyrrole pigments. Evidence for this hypothesis was provided by flash pyrolysis of the tetrapyrrole pigments chlorophyll-a, protoporphyrin-IX di-Me ester, and bilirubin, which yielded alkylpyrroles with a similar isomer distribution. Quant. pyrolysis using a polymer internal standard of both the kerogen and the tetrapyrrole pigments revealed that ca. 5% of the kerogen consists of macromolecularly bound tetrapyrrole pigments or that this fraction contains ca. 5% insoluble tetrapyrrole salts. These results show that in specific cases tetrapyrrole pigments can contribute significantly to the sedimentary organic matter.

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Reference:
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chiral C3-Symmetric Oxygen Tripodal Ligand and Its Applications to Asymmetric Catalysis,
Chiral lanthanide(III) complexes of sulphur–nitrogen–oxygen ligand derived from aminothiourea and sodium D-camphor-β-sulfonate